0001437749-21-025322 | 10-Q | XBRL Viewer | Applied Optoelectronics INC

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Document And Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
Document And Entity Information - shares	Sep. 30, 2021	Oct. 29, 2021
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Central Index Key	0001158114
Entity Registrant Name	APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS, INC.
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2021
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-36083
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	76-0533927
Entity Address, Address Line One	13139 Jess Pirtle Blvd.
Entity Address, City or Town	Sugar Land
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	77478
City Area Code	281
Local Phone Number	295-1800
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, Par value $0.001
Trading Symbol	AAOI
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		27,297,647

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 43,534	$ 43,425
Restricted cash	5,363	6,689
Accounts receivable - trade, net of allowance of $62 and $62, respectively	43,942	43,042
Notes receivable	8,505	401
Inventories	94,507	110,397
Prepaid income tax	2	2
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,717	5,213
Total current assets	200,570	209,169
Property, plant and equipment, net	242,452	252,984
Land use rights, net	5,790	5,854
Operating right of use asset	7,277	7,729
Financing right of use asset	65	88
Intangible assets, net	3,877	3,999
Other assets, net	2,493	982
TOTAL ASSETS	462,524	480,805
Current liabilities
Current portion of notes payable and long-term debt	41,254	38,265
Accounts payable	28,333	29,482
Bank acceptance payable	6,481	15,860
Current lease liability - operating	1,045	1,012
Current lease liability - financing	18	18
Accrued liabilities	16,204	18,511
Total current liabilities	93,335	103,148
Notes payable and long-term debt, less current portion	19,271	13,904
Convertible senior notes	78,472	77,854
Non-current lease liability - operating	7,410	7,926
Non-current lease liability - financing	68	82
TOTAL LIABILITIES	198,556	202,914
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred Stock; 5,000 shares authorized at $0.001 par value; no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	0	0
Common Stock; 45,000 shares authorized at $0.001 par value; 27,175 and 25,110 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	27	25
Additional paid-in capital	378,207	354,685
Accumulated other comprehensive income	13,865	11,690
Accumulated deficit	(128,131)	(88,509)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	263,968	277,891
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 462,524	$ 480,805

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounts receivable, allowance	$ 62	$ 62
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000	5,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	45,000	45,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	27,175	25,110
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	27,175	25,110

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Revenue, net	$ 53,267	$ 76,608	$ 157,157	$ 182,298
Cost of goods sold	45,143	57,418	127,537	143,034
Gross profit	8,124	19,190	29,620	39,264
Operating expenses
Research and development	10,149	11,206	31,990	32,567
Sales and marketing	2,783	4,491	8,576	10,858
General and administrative	10,645	10,272	32,195	31,520
Total operating expenses	23,577	25,969	72,761	74,945
Loss from operations	(15,453)	(6,779)	(43,141)	(35,681)
Other income (expense)
Interest income	17	26	49	220
Interest expense	(1,359)	(1,480)	(4,158)	(4,424)
Other income (expense), net	998	866	7,628	2,096
Total other income (expense), net	(344)	(588)	3,519	(2,108)
Loss before income taxes	(15,797)	(7,367)	(39,622)	(37,789)
Income tax expense	0	(2,249)	0	(7,224)
Net loss	$ (15,797)	$ (9,616)	$ (39,622)	$ (45,013)
Net loss per share
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.58)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.48)	$ (2.12)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.58)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.48)	$ (2.12)
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share:
Basic (in shares)	27,097,372	22,744,361	26,791,415	21,275,778
Diluted (in shares)	27,097,372	22,744,361	26,791,415	21,275,778

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Net loss	$ (15,797)	$ (9,616)	$ (39,622)	$ (45,013)
Gain/ (Loss) on foreign currency translation adjustment	(421)	5,696	2,175	4,748
Comprehensive loss	$ (16,218)	$ (3,920)	$ (37,447)	$ (40,265)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

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+ Details

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Total
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019	0	20,140
Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 0	$ 20	$ 303,401	$ 430	$ (30,057)	$ 273,794
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	2,362
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 2	22,629	0	0	22,631
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	383
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 1	(813)	0	0	(812)
Share-based compensation	0	0	9,804	0	0	9,804
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	4,748	0	4,748
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(45,013)	(45,013)
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	2
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	14	0	0	14
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2020	0	22,887
Balance at Sep. 30, 2020	$ 0	$ 23	335,035	5,178	(75,070)	265,166
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2020	0	21,940
Balance at Jun. 30, 2020	$ 0	$ 22	323,405	(518)	(65,454)	257,455
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	780
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 1	8,702	0	0	8,703
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	165
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	(348)	0	0	(348)
Share-based compensation	0	0	3,265	0	0	3,265
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	5,696	0	5,696
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(9,616)	(9,616)
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	2
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	11			11
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2020	0	22,887
Balance at Sep. 30, 2020	$ 0	$ 23	335,035	5,178	(75,070)	265,166
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020	0	25,110
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 0	$ 25	354,685	11,690	(88,509)	277,891
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	1,553
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 2	15,229		0	15,231
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	510
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	(637)	0	0	(637)
Share-based compensation	0	0	8,922	0	0	8,922
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	2,175	0	2,175
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(39,622)	$ (39,622)
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	2				2
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	8	0	0	$ 8
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021	0	27,175
Balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 0	$ 27	378,207	13,865	(128,131)	263,968
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2021	0	26,919
Balance at Jun. 30, 2021	$ 0	$ 27	375,312	14,286	(112,334)	277,291
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	7
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 0	1	0	0	1
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	249
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	(236)	0	0	(236)
Share-based compensation	0	0	3,130	0	0	3,130
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	(421)	0	(421)
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(15,797)	(15,797)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021	0	27,175
Balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 0	$ 27	$ 378,207	$ 13,865	$ (128,131)	$ 263,968

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Operating activities:
Net loss	$ (39,622)	$ (45,013)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Inventory, LIFO Reserve, Period Charge	3,335	3,340
Depreciation and amortization	19,188	18,350
Amortization of debt issuance costs	650	673
Deferred income taxes, net	0	7,358
Loss on disposal of assets	3	15
Share-based compensation	8,922	9,804
Interest for extinguishment of debt	(70)	0
Extinguishment of debt	(6,229)	0
Unrealized foreign exchange gain	1,021	(323)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, trade	(900)	(16,799)
Notes receivable	(8,102)	3
Prepaid income tax	0	13
Inventories	13,551	(27,303)
Other current assets	448	(2,692)
Operating right of use asset	609	189
Accounts payable	(1,149)	23,306
Accrued liabilities	(2,372)	(620)
Lease liability	(666)	(206)
Net cash used in operating activities	(11,383)	(29,905)
Investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(5,555)	(12,132)
Proceeds from disposal of equipment	111	166
Deposits for equipment	(2,141)	(2,733)
Purchase of intangible assets	(324)	(376)
Net cash used in investing activities	(7,909)	(15,075)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable and long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs	0	6,229
Principal payments of long-term debt and notes payable	(3,276)	(4,066)
Proceeds from line of credit borrowings	103,925	73,700
Repayments of line of credit borrowings	(86,922)	(67,430)
Proceeds from bank acceptance payable	16,702	26,341
Repayments of bank acceptance payable	(26,150)	(19,598)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net of debt issuance costs	0	(18)
Principal payments of financing lease	(13)	(13)
Exercise of stock options	8	14
Payments of tax withholding on behalf of employees related to share-based compensation	(696)	(813)
Proceeds from common stock offering, net	15,397	22,632
Net cash provided by financing activities	18,975	36,978
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(900)	(958)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(1,217)	(8,960)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	50,114	67,028
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	48,897	58,068
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest, net of amounts capitalized	4,691	4,739
Income taxes	1	(192)
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Extinguishment of Debt and interest	(6,299)	0
Purchase of property and equipment with line of credit borrowings	0	941
Net change in accounts payable related to property and equipment additions	(4,147)	1,173
Net change in deposits and prepaid for equipment related to property and equipment additions	$ 83	$ 36

Note 1 - Description of Business

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Business Description and Basis of Presentation [Text Block]

Note 1. Description of Business

Business Overview

Applied Optoelectronics, Inc. (“AOI” or the “Company”) is a Delaware corporation. The Company is a leading, vertically integrated provider of fiber-optic networking products, primarily for four networking end-markets: internet data center, cable television ("CATV"), telecommunications ("telecom") and fiber-to-the-home ("FTTH"). The Company designs and manufactures a wide range of optical communications products at varying levels of integration, from components, subassemblies and modules to complete turn-key equipment.

The Company has manufacturing and research and development facilities located in the U.S., Taiwan and China. In the U.S., at its corporate headquarters and manufacturing facilities in Sugar Land, Texas, the Company primarily manufactures lasers and laser components and performs research and development activities for laser component and optical module products. In addition, the Company also has a research and development facility in Duluth, Georgia. The Company operates in Taipei, Taiwan and Ningbo, China through its wholly-owned subsidiary Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands). Prime World operates a branch in Taipei, Taiwan, which primarily manufactures transceivers and performs research and development activities for the transceiver products. Prime World is also the parent of Global Technology, Inc. (“Global”, incorporated in the People’s Republic of China). Through Global, the Company primarily manufactures certain of its data center transceiver products, including subassemblies, as well as CATV systems and equipment, and performs research and development activities for the CATV products.

Interim Financial Statements

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim information and with the instructions on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In accordance with those rules and regulations, the Company has omitted certain information and notes required by GAAP for annual consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, except as otherwise noted, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the entire fiscal year. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant estimates and assumptions that impact these financial statements and the accompanying notes relate to, among other things, allowance for credit losses, inventory reserve, product warranty costs, share-based compensation expense, estimated useful lives of property and equipment, and taxes.

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in its 2020 Annual Report, except as described below.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet to be Adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting”, which provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. ASU 2020-04 was further amended in January 2021 by ASU 2021-01, which clarified the applicability of certain provisions. Both ASU 2020-04 and AUC 2021-01 are currently effective prospectively for all entities through December 31, 2022 when the reference rate replacement activity is expected to have completed. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 and AUC 2021-01 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the guidance and may apply other selections as applicable as additional changes in the market occur. The Company does not expect the ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statement on a prospective basis.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20)” and “Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entities Own Equity” (Subtopic 815-40). This ASU simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by eliminating two of the three models in ASC 470-20 that requires separating embedded conversion features from convertible instruments. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company does not expect the ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statement.

In November 2020, the SEC issued a new rule that modernizes and simplifies various aspects and financial disclosure requirements in Regulation S-K, specifically related to Item 301 “Selected Financial Data”, Item 302 “Supplementary Financial Information” and Item 303 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (“MD&A”). The intent of this new rule is to (i) eliminate duplicative disclosures, (ii) enhance and promote more principles-based MD&A disclosures with the objective of making them more meaningful for investors, all while (iii) simplifying the compliance requirements and efforts for registrants, by providing them with the flexibility to present management’s perspective on the registrant’s financial condition and results of operations. While most of the changes involve reducing or eliminating previously required information and disclosures, the rule does expand the disclosure requirements surrounding certain aspects of the various items in Regulation S-K discussed above. The final rule was published in the Federal Register on January 11, 2021, is effective thirty days after its publication date, or February 10, 2021, and registrants are required to comply with this final rule in the registrant’s first fiscal year ending on or after the date that is 210 days after the publication date. The Company plans to comply with the new disclosure requirements on schedule and currently does not anticipate any material financial impact in complying with these new requirements.

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

Note 3. Revenue Recognition

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue is classified based on the location where the product is manufactured. For additional information on the disaggregated revenues by geographical region, see Note 17, "Geographic Information.”

Revenue is also classified by major product category and is presented below (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*
			*% of*					*% of*
	*2021*		*Revenue*			*2020*		*Revenue*
Data Center	$	23,929		44.9	%	$	55,336		72.2	%
CATV		23,101		43.4	%		11,642		15.2	%
Telecom		5,148		9.7	%		8,870		11.6	%
FTTH		62		0.1	%		67		0.1	%
Other		1,027		1.9	%		693		0.9	%
Total Revenue	$	53,267		100.0	%	$	76,608		100.0	%

	*Nine months ended September 30,*
			*% of*					*% of*
	*2021*		*Revenue*			*2020*		*Revenue*
Data Center	$	72,259		46.0	%	$	141,133		77.4	%
CATV		69,339		44.1	%		22,007		12.1	%
Telecom		12,959		8.2	%		17,600		9.7	%
FTTH		784		0.5	%		69		0.0	%
Other		1,816		1.2	%		1,489		0.8	%
Total Revenue	$	157,157		100.0	%	$	182,298		100.0	%

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 13
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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+ Details

Note 4 - Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Lessee, Operating and Finance Leases [Text Block]

Note 4. Leases

The Company leases space under non-cancellable operating leases for manufacturing facilities, research and development offices and certain storage facilities and apartments. These leases do not contain contingent rent provisions. The Company also leases certain machinery, office equipment and a vehicle. Many of its leases include both lease (e.g. fixed payments including rent, taxes, and insurance costs) and non-lease components (e.g. common-area or other maintenance costs) which are accounted for as a single lease component as the Company has elected the practical expedient to group lease and non-lease components for all leases. Several of the leases include one or more options to renew which have been assessed and either included or excluded from the calculation of the lease liability of the right of use ("ROU") asset based on management’s intentions and individual fact patterns. Several warehouses and apartments have non-cancellable lease terms of less than one-year and therefore, the Company has elected the practical expedient to exclude these short-term leases from its ROU asset and lease liabilities.

As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Based on the applicable lease terms and current economic environment, the Company applies a location approach for determining the incremental borrowing rate.

The components of lease expense were as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*				*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Operating lease expense	$	311	$	299	$	922	$	890
Financing lease expense		8		8		24		24
Short Term lease expense		4		35		17		104
Total lease expense	$	323	$	342	$	963	$	1,018

Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows for the future one-year periods ending September 30, 2021 (in thousands):

		*Operating*			*Financing*
2022	$	1,300		$	22
2023		1,311			22
2024		1,249			49
2025		1,244			—
2026		1,209			—
2027 and thereafter		3,197			—
Total lease payments	$	9,510		$	93
Less imputed interest		(1,055	)		(7	)
Present value	$	8,455		$	86

The weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate for operating leases were as follows for the periods indicated:

	*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - operating leases		7.38			8.41
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - financing leases		2.33			3.08
Weighted Average Discount Rate - operating leases		3.23	%		3.23	%
Weighted Average Discount Rate - financing leases		5.00	%		5.00	%

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases		980		983
Operating cash flows from financing lease		4		4
Financing cash flows from financing lease		13		13
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		121		699

Note 5 - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Cash and Cash Equivalents Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 5. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the statement of financial position that sum to the total of the same such amounts in the statement of cash flows (in thousands):

	*September 30,*		*December 31,*
	*2021*		*2020*
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,534	$	43,425
Restricted cash		5,363		6,689
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$	48,897	$	50,114

Restricted cash includes guarantee deposits for customs duties, China government subsidy fund, and compensating balances required for certain credit facilities. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there was $2.3 million and $4.9 million of restricted cash required for bank acceptance notes issued to vendors, respectively. In addition, there was $2.0 million and $0.5 million certificate of deposit associated with credit facilities with a bank in China as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. There was $1.0 million guarantee deposits for customs duties as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Note 6 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

Note 6. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential common shares from stock options, restricted stock units and senior convertible notes outstanding during the period. In periods with net losses, normally dilutive shares become anti-dilutive. Therefore, basic and diluted loss per share are the same.

The following table sets forth the computation of the basic and diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*						*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(15,797	)	$	(9,616	)	$	(39,622	)	$	(45,013	)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share
Basic		27,097			22,744			26,791			21,276
Diluted		27,097			22,744			26,791			21,276
Net loss per share
Basic	$	(0.58	)	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.48	)	$	(2.12	)
Diluted	$	(0.58	)	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.48	)	$	(2.12	)

The following potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the diluted net loss per share as their effect would have been antidilutive (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*				*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Employee stock options		1		51		3		27
Restricted stock units		2		113		6		9
Shares for convertible senior notes		4,587		4,587		4,587		4,587
Total antidilutive shares		4,590		4,751		4,596		4,623

Note 7 - Inventories

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 7. Inventories

Inventories, net of inventory write-downs, consist of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*September 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*
Raw materials	$	31,157	$	25,555
Work in process and sub-assemblies		42,242		52,544
Finished goods		21,108		32,298
Total inventories	$	94,507	$	110,397

The lower of cost or market adjustment expensed for inventory for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $1.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The lower of cost or market adjustment expensed for inventory for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was each $3.3 million.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the direct inventory write-offs related to scrap, discontinued products, and damaged inventories were $4.2 million and $8.4 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the direct inventory write-offs related to scrap, discontinued products, and damaged inventories were $15.0 million and $14.7 million, respectively.

Note 8 - Property, Plant & Equipment

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 8. Property, Plant & Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*September 30, 2021*			*December 31, 2020*
Land improvements	$	806		$	806
Building and improvements		89,061			88,280
Machinery and equipment		261,041			253,738
Furniture and fixtures		5,617			5,540
Computer equipment and software		12,612			11,912
Transportation equipment		709			699
		369,846			360,975
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(161,307	)		(142,434	)
		208,539			218,541
Construction in progress		32,812			33,342
Land		1,101			1,101
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	242,452		$	252,984

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the depreciation expense of property, plant and equipment was $6.2 million and $6.1 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the depreciation expense of property, plant and equipment was $18.7 million and $17.9 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the capitalized interest was $0.3 million and 0.1 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the capitalized interest was $0.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

As of September 30, 2021, the Company concluded that its continued loss history constitutes a triggering event as described in ASC 360-10-35-21,Property, Plant, and Equipment. The Company performed a recoverability test and concluded that future undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying amount of the Company’s long-lived assets and therefore no impairment charge was recorded.

Note 9 - Intangible Assets, Net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 9. Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*September 30, 2021*
	*Gross*		*Accumulated*			*Intangible*
	*Amount*		*amortization*			*assets, net*
Patents	$	8,494	$	(4,626	)	$	3,868
Trademarks		25		(16	)		9
Total intangible assets	$	8,519	$	(4,642	)	$	3,877

	*December 31, 2020*
	*Gross*		*Accumulated*			*Intangible*
	*Amount*		*amortization*			*assets, net*
Patents	$	8,158	$	(4,165	)	$	3,993
Trademarks		21		(15	)		6
Total intangible assets	$	8,179	$	(4,180	)	$	3,999

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, amortization expense for intangible assets, included in general and administrative expenses on the income statement, was each $0.1 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, amortization expense for intangible assets, included in general and administrative expenses on the income statement, was $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The remaining weighted average amortization period for intangible assets is approximately 7 years.

At September 30, 2021, future amortization expense for intangible assets is estimated to be (in thousands):

2022	$	584
2023		584
2024		584
2025		584
2026		584
thereafter		957
	$	3,877

Note 10 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table represents a summary of the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*As of September 30, 2021*								*As of December 31, 2020*
	*(Level 1)*		*(Level 2)*		*(Level 3)*		*Total*		*(Level 1)*		*(Level 2)*		*(Level 3)*		*Total*
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,534	$	—	$	—	$	43,534	$	43,425	$	—	$	—	$	43,425
Restricted cash		5,363		—		—	$	5,363		6,689		—		—	$	6,689
Note receivable		—		8,505		—		8,505		-		401		—		401
Total assets	$	48,897	$	8,505	$	—	$	57,402	$	50,114	$	401	$	—	$	50,515
Liabilities:
Bank acceptance payable	$	—	$	6,481	$	—	$	6,481	$	—	$	15,860	$	—		15,860
Convertible senior notes		—		67,701		—		67,701		—		70,225		—		70,225
Total liabilities	$	—	$	74,182	$	—	$	74,182	$	—	$	86,085	$	—	$	86,085

The carrying value amounts of accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying value amounts of note receivable and bank acceptances approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of the debt since it renews frequently at current interest rates. The Company believes that the interest rates in effect at each period end represent the current market rates for similar borrowings.

The fair value of its convertible senior debt is measured for disclosure purpose. The fair value is based on observable market prices for this debt, which is traded in less active markets and are therefore classified as a Level 2 fair value measurement.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Note 11 - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 11. Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt

Notes payable and long-term debt consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*September 30, 2021*			*December 31, 2020*
Revolving line of credit with a U.S. bank up to $20,000 with interest at 2.25% , maturing October 15, 2022	$	19,300		$	18,700
Paycheck Protection Program Term Note with interest at fixed rate 1.0%, maturing April 16, 2022		—			6,229
Revolving line of credit with a Taiwan bank up to $3,436 with 2.2% interest, maturing April 14, 2021		—			1,756
Notes payable to a finance company due in monthly installments with 3.5% interest, maturing January 21, 2022		361			1,941
Notes payable to a finance company due in monthly installments with 3.1% interest, maturing January 21, 2022		676			2,149
Revolving line of credit with a China bank up to $8,917 with interest ranging from 4.5%, maturing October 14, 2020		—			2,299
Revolving line of credit with a China bank up to $25,449 with interest from 3.01% to 4.57%, maturing May 24, 2024		17,924			11,603
Credit facility with a China bank up to $14,125 with interest of 3.5%, maturing January 5, 2024		14,892			—
Credit facility with a China bank up to $7,167 with interest of 5.7%, maturing from June 20, 2022		7,401			7,510
Sub-total		60,554			52,187
Less debt issuance costs, net		(29	)		(18	)
Grand total		60,525			52,169
Less current portion		(41,254	)		(38,265	)
Non-current portion	$	19,271		$	13,904

Bank Acceptance Notes Payable
Bank acceptance notes issued to vendors with a zero percent interest rate	$	6,481		$	15,860

The current portion of long-term debt is the amount payable within one year of the balance sheet date of September 30, 2021.

Maturities of long-term debt are as follows for the future one-year periods ending September 30, (in thousands):

2022	$	41,254
2023		19,271
Total outstanding	$	60,525

On September 28, 2017, the Company entered into a Loan Agreement (“Loan Agreement”), a Promissory Note, an Addendum to the Promissory Note, a Truist Bank Security Agreement, a Trademark Security Agreement, and a Patent Security Agreement (together the “Credit Facility”) with Truist Bank (which acquired Branch Banking and Trust Company or BB&T in connection with a merger in December 2019). The Company’s obligations under the Credit Facility are secured by the Company’s accounts receivable, inventory, intellectual property, and all business assets with the exception of real estate and equipment.

On September 30, 2019, the Company executed a Fourth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) with Truist Bank. Under the terms of the Fourth Amendment (i) the maximum commitment under the line of credit was reduced from $25,000,000 to $20,000,000; (ii) the maturity date of the line of credit was extended to April 2, 2021; (iii) pricing of the unused line fee was adjusted to 0.30% per annum; and (iv) the Fourth Amendment established the requirement that if, at any time during any reporting period and pursuant to the most recent loan base report received by Truist Bank, the principal balance outstanding under the line of credit exceeds the lesser of the approved maximum amount of the line of credit commitment amount or the collateral loan value reduced by the reserves, the Company shall immediately prepay the line of credit to the extent necessary to eliminate such excess. Such reserves shall, at any time that the fixed charge coverage ratio for the loan is less than 1.5 to 1.0, tested for the period of twelve months ended on the applicable covenant measurement date, equal to an amount equal to seventy-five percent (75%) of the lesser of the line of credit commitment amount or collateral loan value reduced by the sum of (i) the principal balance outstanding under the line of credit, (ii) the letter of credit exposure reserve, and (iii) the availability reserve as determined by Truist Bank from the most recent loan base report and otherwise in the sole discretion of Truist Bank after consideration of collections.

On April 5, 2021, the Company executed a Fifth Amendment to the Loan Agreement (the "Fifth Amendment") and a Fourth Amendment to a Security Agreement, a Note Modification Agreement, and an Addendum to a Promissory Note (together with the Fifth Amendment the “Amended Credit Facility”) with Truist Bank. The Amended Credit Facility renews the $20 million line of credit with Truist Bank originally entered into on September 28, 2017. Under the terms of the Amended Credit Facility, the maturity date of the line of credit is extended from April 2, 2021 to October 15, 2022. Borrowings will bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.5%, with a LIBOR floor of 0.75%. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had $19.3 million outstanding and was in compliance with all covenants under the Amended Credit Facility.

On April 17, 2020, the Company entered into a term note ("PPP Term Note") with Truist Bank, with a principal amount of $6.23 million pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The PPP loan is evidenced by a promissory note. The PPP Term Note bears interest at a fixed annual rate of 1.00%, with the first six months of interest deferred. Beginning in November 2020, the Company is required to make 18 equal monthly payments of principal and interest with the final payment due in April 2022. The PPP Term Note may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default. The PPP Term Note is unsecured and guaranteed by the United States Small Business Administration ("SBA"). On June 14, 2021, the Company received notification from Truist Bank that the SBA approved the Company's application for forgiveness of the entire principalamount of the PPP Term Note, plus all accrued interest. The forgiveness of the PPP Term Note has been recognized as other income during the second quarter ended June 30, 2021.

On September 15, 2020, Prime World entered into an Amendment to the Finance Lease Agreements dated November 29, 2018 and January 21, 2019 (the “Amendment”) with Chailease Finance Co., Ltd. (“Chailease”). The Amendment amends the Finance Lease Agreements, dated November 29, 2018 and January 21, 2019 (hereafter collectively referred to as the “Original Finance Agreements”). Pursuant to the Amendment, Prime World agrees to pay Chailease NT$22,311,381, or approximately $0.8 million for certain leased equipment listed in the Amendment (the “Leased Equipment”). This payment will include all outstanding lease payments, costs and expenses; simultaneously, Chailease agrees to transfer title of such Leased Equipment back to Prime World. Regarding all other equipment contemplated in the Original Finance Agreements but not listed in the Amendment, pursuant to the terms and conditions made under the Original Finance Agreements, Prime World is obligated to pay Chailease monthly lease payments which total NT$159,027,448, or approximately $5.5 million (the “Lease Payments”). The Lease Payments will begin on September 21, 2020 with the last Lease Payment due on January 21, 2022, title of all other equipment contemplated under the Original Finance Agreements but not listed in the Amendment will transfer to Prime World upon completion of the Lease Payments and expiration of the Original Finance Agreements. As of September 30, 2021,

$0.4 million was outstanding under the November 29, 2018 Finance Lease Agreement and $0.7 million was outstanding under the January 21, 2019 Finance Lease Agreement.

On October 7, 2020, Prime World entered into a revolving credit facility totaling NT$100 million, or approximately $3.44 million (the “NT$100M Credit Line”) and a $1 million USD credit line (the “ US$1M Credit Line”) with Taishin International Bank in Taiwan ("Taishin"). Borrowing under the NT$100M Credit Line will be used for short-term working capital; borrowing under the US$1M Credit Line will be strictly used for spot transactions in the foreign exchange market. The NT$100M Credit Line and the US$1M Credit Line are collectively referred to as the “Taishin Credit Facility”. On January 14, 2021, the NT$100M Credit Line with Taishin was extended for three ( 3) months until April 14, 2021. Prime World may draw upon the Taishin Credit Facility from October 7, 2020 through April 14, 2021. The term of each draw under the NT$100M Credit Line shall be either 90 or 120 days and will bear interest at a rate of 2.15% for each draw; borrowings under the US$1M Credit Line will bear interest equal to Taishin’s foreign exchange rate effective on the day of the applicable draw. At the end of the draw term Prime World will make payment for all principal and accrued interest. Prime World’s obligations under the Taishin Credit Facility will be secured by a promissory note between Prime World and Taishin. As of September 30, 2021 , the Company has fully repaid the Taishin Credit Facility.

On April 19, 2019, the Company’s China subsidiary, Global, entered into a twelve (12) month revolving line of credit agreement, totaling 60,000,000 RMB, or approximately $8.9 million (the “China Merchants Credit Line”), with China Merchants Bank Co., Ltd., in Ningbo, China (“China Merchants”). The China Merchants Credit Line will be used by Global for general corporate purposes, including the issuance of bank acceptance notes to Global’s vendors. On April 14, 2020, Global extended the revolving line of credit agreement with China Merchants by six (6) months. Global may draw upon the China Merchants Credit Line from April 19, 2019 until October 14, 2020 (the “Credit Period”). During the Credit Period, Global may request to draw upon the China Merchants Credit Line on an as-needed basis; however, the amount of available credit under the China Merchants Credit Line and the approval of each draw may be reduced or declined by China Merchants due to changes in Chinese government regulations and/or changes in Global’s financial and operational condition at the time of each requested draw. Each draw will bear interest equal to China Merchants’ commercial banking interest rate effective on the day of the applicable draw. Global’s obligations under the China Merchants Credit Line are unsecured. The China Merchants Credit Line has been replaced by the Replacement China Merchants Credit Line on October 19, 2020.

On May 24, 2019, the Company’s China subsidiary, Global, entered into a five-year revolving credit line agreement, totaling 180,000,000 RMB (the “SPD Credit Line”), or approximately $25.4 million, and a mortgage security agreement (the “Security Agreement”), with Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co., Ltd ("SPD"). Borrowing under the SPD Credit Line will be used for general corporate and capital investment purposes, including the issuance of bank acceptance notes to Global’s vendors. The total SPD Credit Line of 180 million RMB is inclusive of all credit facilities previously entered into with SPD including: a 30 million RMB credit facility entered into on May 7, 2019; and a 9.9 million RMB credit facility entered into on April 30, 2019 and $2 million credit facility entered into on May 8, 2019. Global may draw upon the SPD Credit Line on an as-needed basis at any time during the 5-year term; however, draws under the SPD Credit Line may become due and repayable to SPD at SPD’s discretion due to changes in Chinese government regulations and/or changes in Global’s financial and operational condition. Each draw will bear interest equal to SPD’s commercial banking interest rate effective on the day of the applicable draw. Global’s obligations under the SPD Credit Line will be secured by real property owned by Global and mortgaged to the Bank under the terms of the Security Agreement. As of September 30, 2021, $17.9 million was outstanding under the SPD Credit Line and the outstanding balance of bank acceptance notes issued to vendors was $3.9 million.

On June 21, 2019, the Company’s China subsidiary, Global, entered into an 18 month credit facility totaling 100,000,000 RMB (the “¥100M Credit Facility”), or approximately $14.1 million, with China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd., in Ningbo City, China (“CZB”). Borrowing under the ¥100M Credit Facility will be used by Global for general corporate purposes. On January 6, 2021, the ¥100M Credit Facility with CZB was extended for three (3) years until January 5, 2024. Global may draw upon the ¥100M Credit Facility from June 21, 2019 until January 5, 2024 (the “¥100M Credit Period”). During the ¥100M Credit Period, Global may request to draw upon the ¥100M Credit Facility on an as-needed basis; however, draws under the ¥100M Credit Facility may become due and repayable to CZB at CZB’s discretion due to changes in Chinese government regulations and/or changes in Global’s financial and operational condition. Each draw will bear interest equal to CZB’s commercial banking interest rate effective on the day of the applicable draw. Global’s obligations under the ¥100M Credit Facility will be secured by real property owned by Global and mortgaged to CZB under the terms of the Real Estate Security Agreement. The agreements for the ¥100M Credit Facility and the Real Estate Security Agreement also contain rights and obligations, representations and warranties, and events of default applicable to the Company that are customary for agreements of this type. As of September 30, 2021, $14.9 million was outstanding under the ¥100M Credit Facility and there was no outstanding balance of bank acceptance notes issued to vendors under this facility.

On June 21, 2019, the Company’s China subsidiary, Global, entered into a three-year credit facility totaling 50,000,000 RMB (the “¥50M Credit Facility”), or approximately $7.1 million, with CZB. Borrowing under the ¥50M Credit Facility will be used by Global for general corporate purposes. Global may draw upon the ¥50M Credit Facility from June 21, 2019 until June 20, 2022 (the “¥50M Credit Period”). During the ¥50M Credit Period, Global may request to draw upon the ¥50M Credit Facility on an as-needed basis; however, draws under the ¥50M Credit Facility may become due and repayable to CZB at CZB’s discretion due to changes in Chinese government regulations and/or changes in Global’s financial and operational condition. Each draw will bear interest equal to CZB’s commercial banking interest rate effective on the day of the applicable draw. Global’s obligations under the ¥50M Credit Facility will be secured by machinery and equipment owned by Global and mortgaged to CZB under the terms of the Machinery and Equipment Security Agreement. As of September 30, 2021, $7.4 million was outstanding under the ¥50M Credit Facility.

On October 19, 2020, the Company’s China subsidiary, Global entered into a new twelve (12) month revolving line of credit agreement, totaling 60,000,000 RMB, or approximately $8.9 million (the “Replacement China Merchants Credit Line”), with China Merchants, to replace the original China Merchants Credit Line. The Replacement China Merchants Credit Line will be used by Global for general corporate purposes. Global may draw upon the Replacement China Merchants Credit Line during the period from October 16, 2020 until October 15, 2021. During such period, Global may request to draw upon the Replacement China Merchants Credit Line on an as-needed basis; however, the amount of available credit under the Replacement China Merchants Credit Line and the approval of each draw may be reduced or declined by China Merchants due to changes in Chinese government regulations and/or changes in Global’s financial and operational condition at the time of each requested draw. Each draw will bear interest equal to the China Merchants’ commercial banking interest rate effective on the day of the applicable draw. Global’s obligations under the Replacement China Merchants Credit Line is unsecured. As of September 30, 2021, there was no outstanding amount under the Replacement China Merchants Credit Line and the outstanding balance of bank acceptance notes issued to vendors was $2.6 million.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $4.9 million and $28.7 million of unused borrowing capacity, respectively.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there was $4.3 million and $5.4 million of restricted cash, investments or security deposits associated with the loan facilities, respectively.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-SubTopic 20
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-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495348-112611

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

+ Details

Note 12 - Convertible Senior Notes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Convertible Debt [Text Block]

Note 12. Convertible Senior Notes

On March 5, 2019, the Company issued $80.5 million of 5% convertible senior notes due 2024 (the “Notes”). The Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of March 5, 2019 (the “Indenture”), between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, paying agent, and conversion agent (the “Trustee”). The Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.00% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2019. The Notes will mature on March 15, 2024, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted in accordance with their terms.

The sale of the Notes generated net proceeds of $76.4 million, after deducting the Initial Purchasers’ discounts and offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company used approximately $37.8 million of the net proceeds from the offering to fully repay the CapEx Loan and Term Loan with Truist Bank and the remainder will be used for general corporate purposes.

The following table presents the carrying value of the Notes for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*September 30,*			*December 31,*
	*2021*			*2020*
Principal	$	80,500		$	80,500
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(2,028	)		(2,646	)
Net carrying amount	$	78,472		$	77,854

The Notes are convertible at the option of holders of the Notes at any time until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. Upon conversion, holders of the Notes will receive shares of the Company’s common stock, together, if applicable, with cash in lieu of any fractional share, at the then-applicable conversion rate. The initial conversion rate is 56.9801 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (representing an initial conversion price of approximately $17.55 per share of common stock, which represents an initial conversion premium of approximately 30% above the closing price of $13.50 per share of the Company’s common stock on February 28, 2019), subject to customary adjustments. If a make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture) occurs, and in connection with certain other conversions before March 15, 2022, the Company will in certain circumstances increase the conversion rate for a specified period of time.

Initially there are no guarantors of the Notes, but the Notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a senior, unsecured basis by certain of the Company’s future domestic subsidiaries. The Notes are the Company’s senior, unsecured obligations and are equal in right of payment with existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness, senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Notes and effectively subordinated to the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness. The Note Guarantee (as defined in the Indenture) of each future guarantor, if any, will be such guarantor’s senior, unsecured obligations and are equal in right of payment with existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness, senior in right of payment to such future guarantor’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Notes and effectively subordinated to such future guarantor’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness.

Holders may require the Company to repurchase their Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture) at a cash purchase price equal to the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.

The Company may not redeem the Notes prior to March 15, 2022. On or after March 15, 2022, the Company may redeem for cash all or part of the Notes if the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (i) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends the related redemption notice; and (ii) the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends such redemption notice. The redemption price is equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, calling any Note for redemption will constitute a “make-whole fundamental change” with respect to that Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.

The Indenture contains covenants that limit the Company’s ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue disqualified stock; and (ii) create or incur liens.

Pursuant to the guidance in ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, the Company evaluated whether the conversion feature of the note needed to be bifurcated from the host instrument as a freestanding financial instrument. Under ASC 815-40, to qualify for equity classification (or non-bifurcation, if embedded) the instrument (or embedded feature) must be both (1) indexed to the issuer’s own stock and (2) meet the requirements of the equity classification guidance. Based upon the Company’s analysis, it was determined the conversion option is indexed to its own stock and also met all the criteria for equity classification contained in ASC 815-40-25-7 and 815-40-25-10. Accordingly, the conversion option is not required to be bifurcated from the host instrument as a freestanding financial instrument. Since the conversion feature meets the equity scope exception from derivative accounting, the Company then evaluated whether the conversion feature needed to be separately accounted for as an equity component under ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options. The Company determined that notes should be accounted for in their entirety as a liability.

The Company incurred approximately $4.1 million in transaction costs in connection with the issuance of the Notes. These costs were recognized as a reduction of the carrying amount of the Notes utilizing the effective interest method and are being amortized over the term of the Notes.

The following table sets forth interest expense information related to the Notes (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*						*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Contractual interest expense	$	1,006		$	1,006		$	3,018		$	3,018
Amortization of debt issuance costs		208			209			618			623
Total interest cost	$	1,214		$	1,215		$	3,636		$	3,641
Effective interest rate		5.1	%		5.1	%		5.1	%		5.1	%

Note 13 - Accrued Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Accounts Payable, Accrued Liabilities, and Other Liabilities Disclosure, Current [Text Block]

Note 13. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*September 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*
Accrued payroll	$	8,348	$	10,517
Accrued employee benefits		3,247		3,057
Accrued state and local taxes		1,390		251
Accrued interest		351		1,256
Advance payments		480		303
Accrued product warranty		272		703
Accrued commission expenses		903		974
Accrued professional fees		293		377
Accrued shipping and tariff expenses		235		526
Accrued other		685		547
Total accrued liabilities	$	16,204	$	18,511

Note 14 - Other Income and Expense

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Other Nonoperating Income and Expense [Text Block]

Note 14. Other Income and Expense

Other income and (expense) consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*						*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Foreign exchange transaction gain (loss)	$	(1	)	$	(271	)	$	217		$	(18	)
Government subsidy income		826			847			980			1,828
Other non-operating gain		171			296			205			301
Loan forgiveness		—			—			6,229			—
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets		2			(6	)		(3	)		(15	)
Total other income, net	$	998		$	866		$	7,628		$	2,096

Note 15 - Share-based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

Note 15. Share-Based Compensation

Equity Plans

The Company’s board of directors and stockholders approved the following equity plans:

●

the 2006 Share Incentive Plan

●

the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (“2013 Plan”)

●

the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”)

The Company issued stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. Stock option awards generally vest over a four-year period and have a maximum term of ten years. Stock options under these plans have been granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value on the date of the grant. Nonqualified and Incentive Stock Options, RSAs and RSUs may be granted from these plans. Prior to the Company’s initial public offering in September 2013, the fair market value of the Company’s stock had been historically determined by the board of directors and from time to time with the assistance of third-party valuation specialists.

Stock Options

Options have been granted to the Company’s employees under the two incentive plans and generally become exercisable as to 25% of the shares on the first anniversary date following the date of grant and 12.5% on a semi-annual basis thereafter. All options expire ten years after the date of grant.

The following is a summary of option activity (in thousands, except per share data):

						*Weighted*			*Weighted*
				*Weighted*		*Average*			*Average*
				*Average*		*Share Price*	*Weighted*		*Remaining*		*Aggregate*
	*Number of*			*Exercise*		*on Date of*	*Average*		*Contractual*		*Intrinsic*
	*shares*			*Price*		*Exercise*	*Fair Value*		*Life*		*Value*
	(in thousands, except price data)
Outstanding at January 1, 2021		276		$	10.29		$	5.41		2.67	$	54
Exercised		(2	)	$	6.00		$	0.40				7
Forfeited		(4	)	$	10.46		$	5.64				1
Outstanding, September 30, 2021		270		$	10.32		$	5.44		1.94		6
Exercisable, September 30, 2021		270		$	10.32					1.94		6
Vested and expected to vest		270		$	10.33					1.94		6

As of September 30, 2021, there was no unrecognized stock option expense.

Restricted Stock Units/Awards

The following is a summary of RSU/RSA activity (in thousands, except per share data):

				*Weighted*
				*Average Share*		*Weighted*		*Aggregate*
	*Number of*			*Price on Date*		*Average Fair*		*Intrinsic*
	*shares*			*of Release*		*Value*		*Value*
	(in thousands, except price data)
Outstanding at January 1, 2021		1,325				$	14.97	$	11,279
Granted		1,732					10.12		16,007
Released		(590	)	$	8.59		15.87		5,069
Cancelled/Forfeited		(73	)				13.05		527
Outstanding, September 30, 2021		2,394					11.30		17,189
Vested and expected to vest		2,394					11.30		17,189

As of September 30, 2021, there was $24.5 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to these RSUs and RSAs. This expense is expected to be recognized over 2.65 years.

Performance Based Incentive Plan

In June 2021, the Company approved to grant performance stock units (“PSUs”) to senior executives as a part of our long-term equity compensation program. The number of shares of common stock that will ultimately be issued to settle PSUs granted ranges from 0% to 200% of the number granted and is determined based on certain performance criteria over a three-year measurement period. The performance criteria for the PSUs are based on a combination of the performance of our stock price and the Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) for the performance period compared with the TSR of certain peer companies or index for the performance period. PSUs granted vest 100% on the third anniversary of their grant, assuming achievement of the applicable performance criteria. We estimated the fair value of the PSUs using a Monte Carlo simulation model on the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the explicit service period.

Share-Based Compensation

Employee share-based compensation expenses recognized for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	*Three months ended*				*Nine months ended*
	*September 30,*				*September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Share-based compensation - by expense type
Cost of goods sold	$	222	$	230	$	689	$	712
Research and development		489		706		1,682		2,098
Sales and marketing		272		298		820		884
General and administrative		2,146		2,031		5,731		6,110
Total share-based compensation expense	$	3,129	$	3,265	$	8,922	$	9,804

Note 16 - Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 16. Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was 0% and (30.69)%, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the effective tax rate varied from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the change of the valuation allowance on federal, state, Taiwan, and China deferred tax assets ("DTA"). For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the effective tax rate varied from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the change of valuation allowance on the federal, state, and Taiwan deferred tax assets, and the recording of a valuation allowance on China deferred tax assets.

The Company's effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was 0% and (19.15%), respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the effective tax rate varied from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the benefit of the nontaxable PPP loan forgiveness, offset by the change of the valuation allowance on federal, state, Taiwan and China deferred tax assets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the effective tax rate varied from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the change of the valuation allowance on the federal, and state deferred tax assets, and the recording of a valuation allowance on Taiwan and China deferred tax assets.

The Company continually monitors and performs an assessment of the realizability of its DTAs, including an analysis of factors such as future taxable income, reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, and tax planning strategies. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considered both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets using a “more likely than not” standard. In making such assessment, more weight was given to evidence that could be objectively verified, including recent cumulative losses. Based on the Company’s review of this evidence, management determined that a full valuation allowance against all of the Company’s net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2021 was appropriate.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Stability Act (the "CARES Act") was signed into law on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act, among other things, includes tax provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, net operating loss utilization and carryback periods, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property (“QIP”). On December 27, 2020, the Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020 was enacted as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, followed by the American Rescue Plan Act on March 1, 2021. These recent laws, among many other provisions, expand and extend the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), refundable employee retention tax credits previously made available under the CARES Act and allow a full deduction for business meals for the 2021 and 2022 tax years. At this point we do not believe that these changes will have a material impact on our income tax provision for 2021. We will continue to evaluate the impact of new legislation on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

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+ Details

Note 17 - Geographic Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 17. Geographic Information

The Company operates in one reportable segment. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is considered to be the chief operating decision maker, manages the Company’s operations as a whole and reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by information about product revenue, for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources.

The following tables set forth the Company’s revenue and asset information by geographic region. Revenue is classified based on the location of where the product is manufactured. Long-lived assets in the tables below comprise only property, plant, equipment and intangible assets (in thousands):

	*Three months ended September 30,*				*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Revenues:
United States	$	4,547	$	4,887	$	11,451	$	13,383
Taiwan		19,562		45,821		75,282		105,196
China		29,158		25,900		70,424		63,719
	$	53,267	$	76,608	$	157,157	$	182,298

	*As of the period ended*
	*September 30,*		*December 31,*
	*2021*		*2020*
Long-lived assets:
United States	$	87,241	$	90,999
Taiwan		65,394		71,080
China		106,826		108,575
	$	259,461	$	270,654

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

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+ Details

Note 18 - Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 18. Contingencies

Litigation

Overview

From time to time, the Company may be subject to legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, inquiries, investigations, audits and other regulatory proceedings, such as described below. The Company records a loss provision when it believes it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Unless otherwise disclosed, the Company is unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss for the legal proceeding described below.

Except for the lawsuits described below, the Company believes that there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against it, the ultimate disposition of which would have a material adverse effect on it.

Class Action and Shareholder Derivative Litigation

On August 7, 2018, a derivative lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas styled Lei Jin, derivatively on behalf ofApplied Optoelectronics, Inc. v. Chih-Hsiang (“Thompson”) Lin, Stefan J. Murry, William H. Yeh, Alex Ignatiev, Richard B. Black, Min-Chu Chen, Alan Moore, and Che-Wei Lin and Applied Optoelectronics, Inc., No. 4:18-cv-02713 alleging breaches of fiduciary duties, unjust enrichment, and violations of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act based on similar factual allegations as in the securities class action captioned Mona Abouzied v. Applied Optoelectronics, Inc., Chih-Hsiang (Thompson) Lin, and Stefan J. Murry, et al., Case No. 4:17-cv-02399, which had been previously filed against the Company and was dismissed following a settlement in 2020. On December 18, 2018, a second derivative complaint was filed styled Yiu Kwong Ng v.Chih-Hsiang (“Thompson”) Lin, Stefan J. Murry, William H. Yeh, Alex Ignatiev, Richard B. Black, Min-Chu Chen, Alan Moore, and Che-Wei Lin and Applied Optoelectronics, Inc., No. 4:18-cv-4751 alleging the same causes of actions as the Jin complaint and additional factual allegations regarding our announcement on September 28, 2018 that we had “identified an issue with a small percentage of 25G lasers within a specific customer environment.” On January 11, 2019, the Court consolidated these two derivative actions, and on January 15, 2019, the Court entered an order staying the actions pending the resolution of the securities class actions. On June 24, 2020, the plaintiffs filed a notice that the stay of proceedings had been terminated, and on July 2, 2020, the parties filed a Joint Stipulation and Proposed Scheduling Order. The Court entered the stipulated scheduling order on the same date, under which Defendants were required to file and serve their response or responsive pleading to the complaint by August 3, 2020. By agreement of the parties, the Court subsequently extended the deadline for Defendants to file and serve their response or responsive pleading to December 2, 2020. On December 2, 2020, Defendants filed their motion to dismiss the consolidated derivative complaint. On December 7, 2020, Plaintiffs filed a notice alerting the Court that they were intending to file an amended complaint, which was subsequently filed by Plaintiffs on January 13, 2021. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss all claims on March 1, 2021. On June 25, 2021, the parties filed a stipulation indicating that they had reached a settlement-in-principle of the action. On June 28, 2021, the Court stayed all deadlines in the action for 30 days to allow the parties to finalize the settlement. The deadline was extended to late August.On August 30, 2021, the Plaintiffs filed an unopposed Motion for Preliminary Approval of the Settlement agreed to by the parties. This motion was granted on August 31, 2021 and the Court set the Settlement Hearing date for November 4, 2021. The Company has complied with all requirements of the Settlement Agreement and the Settlement Hearing is on schedule to take place on November 4, 2021. The Company has agreed to implement various corporate governance reforms as specified in the Settlement Agreement in addition to having its D&O insurance carrier make a payment to the Plaintiffs in exchange for a full dismissal of all claims and customary releases.

Note 19 - Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Subsequent Events [Text Block]

Note 19. Subsequent Events

The Company repaid its revolving bank line of credit with Truist Bank in the amount of $19.3 million in October 2021.

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet to be Adopted

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*
			*% of*					*% of*
	*2021*		*Revenue*			*2020*		*Revenue*
Data Center	$	23,929		44.9	%	$	55,336		72.2	%
CATV		23,101		43.4	%		11,642		15.2	%
Telecom		5,148		9.7	%		8,870		11.6	%
FTTH		62		0.1	%		67		0.1	%
Other		1,027		1.9	%		693		0.9	%
Total Revenue	$	53,267		100.0	%	$	76,608		100.0	%

	*Nine months ended September 30,*
			*% of*					*% of*
	*2021*		*Revenue*			*2020*		*Revenue*
Data Center	$	72,259		46.0	%	$	141,133		77.4	%
CATV		69,339		44.1	%		22,007		12.1	%
Telecom		12,959		8.2	%		17,600		9.7	%
FTTH		784		0.5	%		69		0.0	%
Other		1,816		1.2	%		1,489		0.8	%
Total Revenue	$	157,157		100.0	%	$	182,298		100.0	%

Note 4 - Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*				*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Operating lease expense	$	311	$	299	$	922	$	890
Financing lease expense		8		8		24		24
Short Term lease expense		4		35		17		104
Total lease expense	$	323	$	342	$	963	$	1,018

	*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - operating leases		7.38			8.41
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - financing leases		2.33			3.08
Weighted Average Discount Rate - operating leases		3.23	%		3.23	%
Weighted Average Discount Rate - financing leases		5.00	%		5.00	%

	*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases		980		983
Operating cash flows from financing lease		4		4
Financing cash flows from financing lease		13		13
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		121		699

Lessee, Operating and Finance Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]

		*Operating*			*Financing*
2022	$	1,300		$	22
2023		1,311			22
2024		1,249			49
2025		1,244			—
2026		1,209			—
2027 and thereafter		3,197			—
Total lease payments	$	9,510		$	93
Less imputed interest		(1,055	)		(7	)
Present value	$	8,455		$	86

Note 5 - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents [Table Text Block]

	*September 30,*		*December 31,*
	*2021*		*2020*
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,534	$	43,425
Restricted cash		5,363		6,689
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$	48,897	$	50,114

Note 6 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*						*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(15,797	)	$	(9,616	)	$	(39,622	)	$	(45,013	)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share
Basic		27,097			22,744			26,791			21,276
Diluted		27,097			22,744			26,791			21,276
Net loss per share
Basic	$	(0.58	)	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.48	)	$	(2.12	)
Diluted	$	(0.58	)	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.48	)	$	(2.12	)

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*				*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Employee stock options		1		51		3		27
Restricted stock units		2		113		6		9
Shares for convertible senior notes		4,587		4,587		4,587		4,587
Total antidilutive shares		4,590		4,751		4,596		4,623

Note 7 - Inventories (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]

	*September 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*
Raw materials	$	31,157	$	25,555
Work in process and sub-assemblies		42,242		52,544
Finished goods		21,108		32,298
Total inventories	$	94,507	$	110,397

Note 8 - Property, Plant & Equipment (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]

	*September 30, 2021*			*December 31, 2020*
Land improvements	$	806		$	806
Building and improvements		89,061			88,280
Machinery and equipment		261,041			253,738
Furniture and fixtures		5,617			5,540
Computer equipment and software		12,612			11,912
Transportation equipment		709			699
		369,846			360,975
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(161,307	)		(142,434	)
		208,539			218,541
Construction in progress		32,812			33,342
Land		1,101			1,101
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	242,452		$	252,984

Note 9 - Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Table Text Block]

	*September 30, 2021*
	*Gross*		*Accumulated*			*Intangible*
	*Amount*		*amortization*			*assets, net*
Patents	$	8,494	$	(4,626	)	$	3,868
Trademarks		25		(16	)		9
Total intangible assets	$	8,519	$	(4,642	)	$	3,877

	*December 31, 2020*
	*Gross*		*Accumulated*			*Intangible*
	*Amount*		*amortization*			*assets, net*
Patents	$	8,158	$	(4,165	)	$	3,993
Trademarks		21		(15	)		6
Total intangible assets	$	8,179	$	(4,180	)	$	3,999

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense [Table Text Block]

2022	$	584
2023		584
2024		584
2025		584
2026		584
thereafter		957
	$	3,877

Note 10 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]

	*As of September 30, 2021*								*As of December 31, 2020*
	*(Level 1)*		*(Level 2)*		*(Level 3)*		*Total*		*(Level 1)*		*(Level 2)*		*(Level 3)*		*Total*
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,534	$	—	$	—	$	43,534	$	43,425	$	—	$	—	$	43,425
Restricted cash		5,363		—		—	$	5,363		6,689		—		—	$	6,689
Note receivable		—		8,505		—		8,505		-		401		—		401
Total assets	$	48,897	$	8,505	$	—	$	57,402	$	50,114	$	401	$	—	$	50,515
Liabilities:
Bank acceptance payable	$	—	$	6,481	$	—	$	6,481	$	—	$	15,860	$	—		15,860
Convertible senior notes		—		67,701		—		67,701		—		70,225		—		70,225
Total liabilities	$	—	$	74,182	$	—	$	74,182	$	—	$	86,085	$	—	$	86,085

Note 11 - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Debt [Table Text Block]

	*September 30, 2021*			*December 31, 2020*
Revolving line of credit with a U.S. bank up to $20,000 with interest at 2.25% , maturing October 15, 2022	$	19,300		$	18,700
Paycheck Protection Program Term Note with interest at fixed rate 1.0%, maturing April 16, 2022		—			6,229
Revolving line of credit with a Taiwan bank up to $3,436 with 2.2% interest, maturing April 14, 2021		—			1,756
Notes payable to a finance company due in monthly installments with 3.5% interest, maturing January 21, 2022		361			1,941
Notes payable to a finance company due in monthly installments with 3.1% interest, maturing January 21, 2022		676			2,149
Revolving line of credit with a China bank up to $8,917 with interest ranging from 4.5%, maturing October 14, 2020		—			2,299
Revolving line of credit with a China bank up to $25,449 with interest from 3.01% to 4.57%, maturing May 24, 2024		17,924			11,603
Credit facility with a China bank up to $14,125 with interest of 3.5%, maturing January 5, 2024		14,892			—
Credit facility with a China bank up to $7,167 with interest of 5.7%, maturing from June 20, 2022		7,401			7,510
Sub-total		60,554			52,187
Less debt issuance costs, net		(29	)		(18	)
Grand total		60,525			52,169
Less current portion		(41,254	)		(38,265	)
Non-current portion	$	19,271		$	13,904

Bank Acceptance Notes Payable
Bank acceptance notes issued to vendors with a zero percent interest rate	$	6,481		$	15,860

2022	$	41,254
2023		19,271
Total outstanding	$	60,525

Note 12 - Convertible Senior Notes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Convertible Debt [Table Text Block]

	*September 30,*			*December 31,*
	*2021*			*2020*
Principal	$	80,500		$	80,500
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(2,028	)		(2,646	)
Net carrying amount	$	78,472		$	77,854

Interest Income and Interest Expense Disclosure [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*						*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Contractual interest expense	$	1,006		$	1,006		$	3,018		$	3,018
Amortization of debt issuance costs		208			209			618			623
Total interest cost	$	1,214		$	1,215		$	3,636		$	3,641
Effective interest rate		5.1	%		5.1	%		5.1	%		5.1	%

Note 13 - Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]

	*September 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*
Accrued payroll	$	8,348	$	10,517
Accrued employee benefits		3,247		3,057
Accrued state and local taxes		1,390		251
Accrued interest		351		1,256
Advance payments		480		303
Accrued product warranty		272		703
Accrued commission expenses		903		974
Accrued professional fees		293		377
Accrued shipping and tariff expenses		235		526
Accrued other		685		547
Total accrued liabilities	$	16,204	$	18,511

Note 14 - Other Income and Expense (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Schedule of Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*						*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Foreign exchange transaction gain (loss)	$	(1	)	$	(271	)	$	217		$	(18	)
Government subsidy income		826			847			980			1,828
Other non-operating gain		171			296			205			301
Loan forgiveness		—			—			6,229			—
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets		2			(6	)		(3	)		(15	)
Total other income, net	$	998		$	866		$	7,628		$	2,096

Note 15 - Share-based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]

						*Weighted*			*Weighted*
				*Weighted*		*Average*			*Average*
				*Average*		*Share Price*	*Weighted*		*Remaining*		*Aggregate*
	*Number of*			*Exercise*		*on Date of*	*Average*		*Contractual*		*Intrinsic*
	*shares*			*Price*		*Exercise*	*Fair Value*		*Life*		*Value*
	(in thousands, except price data)
Outstanding at January 1, 2021		276		$	10.29		$	5.41		2.67	$	54
Exercised		(2	)	$	6.00		$	0.40				7
Forfeited		(4	)	$	10.46		$	5.64				1
Outstanding, September 30, 2021		270		$	10.32		$	5.44		1.94		6
Exercisable, September 30, 2021		270		$	10.32					1.94		6
Vested and expected to vest		270		$	10.33					1.94		6

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock Unit, Activity [Table Text Block]

				*Weighted*
				*Average Share*		*Weighted*		*Aggregate*
	*Number of*			*Price on Date*		*Average Fair*		*Intrinsic*
	*shares*			*of Release*		*Value*		*Value*
	(in thousands, except price data)
Outstanding at January 1, 2021		1,325				$	14.97	$	11,279
Granted		1,732					10.12		16,007
Released		(590	)	$	8.59		15.87		5,069
Cancelled/Forfeited		(73	)				13.05		527
Outstanding, September 30, 2021		2,394					11.30		17,189
Vested and expected to vest		2,394					11.30		17,189

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended*				*Nine months ended*
	*September 30,*				*September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Share-based compensation - by expense type
Cost of goods sold	$	222	$	230	$	689	$	712
Research and development		489		706		1,682		2,098
Sales and marketing		272		298		820		884
General and administrative		2,146		2,031		5,731		6,110
Total share-based compensation expense	$	3,129	$	3,265	$	8,922	$	9,804

Note 17 - Geographic Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes Tables

Revenue from External Customers by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended September 30,*				*Nine months ended September 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Revenues:
United States	$	4,547	$	4,887	$	11,451	$	13,383
Taiwan		19,562		45,821		75,282		105,196
China		29,158		25,900		70,424		63,719
	$	53,267	$	76,608	$	157,157	$	182,298

Long-lived Assets by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]

	*As of the period ended*
	*September 30,*		*December 31,*
	*2021*		*2020*
Long-lived assets:
United States	$	87,241	$	90,999
Taiwan		65,394		71,080
China		106,826		108,575
	$	259,461	$	270,654

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition - Revenue by Major Product Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Total Revenue	$ 53,267	$ 76,608	$ 157,157	$ 182,298
Percent of Revenue	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Data Center [Member]
Total Revenue	$ 23,929	$ 55,336	$ 72,259	$ 141,133
Percent of Revenue	44.90%	72.20%	46.00%	77.40%
CATV [Member]
Total Revenue	$ 23,101	$ 11,642	$ 69,339	$ 22,007
Percent of Revenue	43.40%	15.20%	44.10%	12.10%
Telecom [Member]
Total Revenue	$ 5,148	$ 8,870	$ 12,959	$ 17,600
Percent of Revenue	9.70%	11.60%	8.20%	9.70%
FTTH [Member]
Total Revenue	$ 62	$ 67	$ 784	$ 69
Percent of Revenue	0.10%	0.10%	0.50%	0.00%
Product and Service, Other [Member]
Total Revenue	$ 1,027	$ 693	$ 1,816	$ 1,489
Percent of Revenue	1.90%	0.90%	1.20%	0.80%

- Definition

Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.

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+ Details

Note 4 - Leases - Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Operating lease expense	$ 311	$ 299	$ 922	$ 890
Financing lease expense	8	8	24	24
Short Term lease expense	4	35	17	104
Total lease expense	$ 323	$ 342	$ 963	$ 1,018
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - operating leases (Year)	7 years 4 months 17 days	8 years 4 months 28 days	7 years 4 months 17 days	8 years 4 months 28 days
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - financing leases (Year)	2 years 3 months 29 days	3 years 29 days	2 years 3 months 29 days	3 years 29 days
Weighted Average Discount Rate - operating leases	3.23%	3.23%	3.23%	3.23%
Weighted Average Discount Rate - financing leases	5.00%	5.00%	5.00%	5.00%
Operating cash flows from operating leases			$ 980	$ 983
Operating cash flows from financing lease			4	4
Financing cash flows from financing lease			13	13
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities			$ 121	$ 699

Note 4 - Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
2022, operating leases	$ 1,300
2022, financing leases	22
2023, operating leases	1,311
2023, financing leases	22
2024, operating leases	1,249
2024, financing leases	49
2025, operating leases	1,244
2025, financing leases	0
2026, operating leases	1,209
2026, financing leases	0
2027 and thereafter, operating leases	3,197
2027 and thereafter, financing leases	0
Total operating lease payments	9,510
Total financing lease payments	93
Less imputed interest, operating leases	(1,055)
Less imputed interest, financing leases	(7)
Present value, operating leases	8,455
Present value, financing leases	$ 86

Note 5 - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current, Total	$ 5,363	$ 6,689
CHINA
Certificates of Deposit, at Carrying Value	2,000	500
Bankers Acceptance [Member]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current, Total	$ 2,300	4,900
Guarantee Deposits for Customs Duties [Member]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current, Total		$ 1,000

Note 5 - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - Summary of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 43,534	$ 43,425
Restricted cash	5,363	6,689
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$ 48,897	$ 50,114

Note 6 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Net loss	$ (15,797)	$ (9,616)	$ (39,622)	$ (45,013)
Basic (in shares)	27,097,372	22,744,361	26,791,415	21,275,778
Diluted (in shares)	27,097,372	22,744,361	26,791,415	21,275,778
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.58)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.48)	$ (2.12)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.58)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.48)	$ (2.12)

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

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- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

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- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

+ Details

Note 6 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Potentially Dilutive Securities Excluded from Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	4,590	4,751	4,596	4,623
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	1	51	3	27
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	2	113	6	9
Convertible Debt Securities [Member]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	4,587	4,587	4,587	4,587

Note 7 - Inventories (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Inventory, LIFO Reserve, Period Charge	$ 1,100	$ 400	$ 3,335	$ 3,340
Inventory Write-down	$ 4,200	$ 8,400	$ 15,000	$ 14,700

Note 7 - Inventories - Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Raw materials	$ 31,157	$ 25,555
Work in process and sub-assemblies	42,242	52,544
Finished goods	21,108	32,298
Total inventories	$ 94,507	$ 110,397

Note 8 - Property, Plant & Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Depreciation, Total	$ 6.2	$ 6.1	$ 18.7	$ 17.9
Interest Paid, Capitalized, Investing Activities	$ 0.3	$ 0.1	$ 0.6	$ 0.3

Note 8 - Property, Plant & Equipment - Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 369,846	$ 360,975
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(161,307)	(142,434)
Property, plant and equipment, net before construction in progress and land	208,539	218,541
Property, plant and equipment, net	242,452	252,984
Land Improvements [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	806	806
Building and Building Improvements [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	89,061	88,280
Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	261,041	253,738
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	5,617	5,540
Computer Equipment and Software [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	12,612	11,912
Vehicles [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	709	699
Construction in Progress [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, net	32,812	33,342
Land [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, net	$ 1,101	$ 1,101

Note 9 - Intangible Assets, Net (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Amortization of Intangible Assets, Total	$ 0.1	$ 0.1	$ 0.5	$ 0.4
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Remaining Amortization Period (Year)			7 years

Note 9 - Intangible Assets, Net - Finite Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Intangible assets, gross amount	$ 8,519	$ 8,179
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(4,642)	(4,180)
Intangible assets, net	3,877	3,999
Patents [Member]
Intangible assets, gross amount	8,494	8,158
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(4,626)	(4,165)
Intangible assets, net	3,868	3,993
Trademarks [Member]
Intangible assets, gross amount	25	21
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(16)	(15)
Intangible assets, net	$ 9	$ 6

Note 9 - Intangible Assets, Net - Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
2022	$ 584
2023	584
2024	584
2025	584
2026	584
thereafter	957
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Ending Balance	$ 3,877	$ 3,999

Note 10 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 43,534	$ 43,425
Restricted cash	5,363	6,689
Note receivable	8,505	401
Total assets	57,402	50,515
Bank acceptance payable	6,481	15,860
Convertible senior notes	67,701	70,225
Total liabilities	74,182	86,085
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	43,534	43,425
Restricted cash	5,363	6,689
Note receivable	0	0
Total assets	48,897	50,114
Bank acceptance payable	0	0
Convertible senior notes	0	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Note receivable	8,505	401
Total assets	8,505	401
Bank acceptance payable	6,481	15,860
Convertible senior notes	67,701	70,225
Total liabilities	74,182	86,085
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Note receivable	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Bank acceptance payable	0	0
Convertible senior notes	0	0
Total liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

Note 11 - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Details Textual)											9 Months Ended
	Jan. 21, 2022 USD ($)	Apr. 05, 2021 USD ($)	Oct. 07, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 15, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 15, 2020 TWD ($)	Apr. 17, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 21, 2019 USD ($)	May 24, 2019 USD ($)	Apr. 19, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 19, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 19, 2020 CNY (¥)	Oct. 07, 2020 TWD ($)	Jun. 21, 2019 CNY (¥)	May 24, 2019 CNY (¥)	Apr. 19, 2019 CNY (¥)	Mar. 05, 2019 USD ($)	Jan. 21, 2019 USD ($)	Nov. 29, 2018 USD ($)
Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment, Total											$ 5,555,000	$ 12,132,000
Finance Lease, Principal Payments											13,000	13,000
Long-term Debt, Gross											60,554,000		$ 52,187,000
Debt Instrument, Unused Borrowing Capacity, Amount											4,900,000		28,700,000
Cash Collateral for Borrowed Securities											4,300,000		5,400,000
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Promissory Note [Member]
Long-term Debt, Gross											$ 361,000		$ 1,941,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											3.50%		3.50%
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member] \| Promissory Note [Member]
Finance Lease, Principal Payments				$ 5,500,000
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member] \| Second Sales Contract [Member]
Finance Lease, Principal Payments					$ 159,027,448
Long-term Debt, Gross																					$ 700,000
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member] \| Second Sales Contract [Member] \| Promissory Note [Member]
Long-term Debt, Gross																						$ 400,000
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member] \| Forecast [Member]
Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment, Total	$ 800,000
Paycheck Protection Program, CARES Act [Member]
Proceeds from Issuance of Long-term Debt, Total						$ 6,230,000
Long-term Debt, Gross											$ 0		$ 6,229,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											1.00%		1.00%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| The NT$100M Credit Line [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity																$ 100,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Truist Bank [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity		$ 20,000,000					$ 20,000,000													$ 25,000,000
Debt Instrument, Unused Borrowing Capacity, Fee, Percentage							0.30%
Fixed Charge Cover Ratio, Minimum Threshold							1.5
Line of Credit Facility, Percentage of Maximum Borrowing Capacity, Threshold for Financial Covenants							75.00%
Debt Instrument, LIBOR Floor		0.75%
Long-term Line of Credit, Total											$ 19,300,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Truist Bank [Member] \| London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate		1.50%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Taishin International Bank [Member] \| The NT$100M Credit Line [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity			$ 3,440,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Taishin International Bank [Member] \| The US $1M Credit Line [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity			$ 1,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Taishin International Bank in Taiwan [Member] \| The NT$100M Credit Line [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage			2.15%													2.15%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Taishin International Bank in Taiwan [Member] \| The NT$100M Credit Line [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument, Term of Draw (Day)			90 days
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Taishin International Bank in Taiwan [Member] \| The NT$100M Credit Line [Member] \| Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument, Term of Draw (Day)			120 days
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Construction Bank Co., Ltd. [Member] \| China Merchants Credit Line [Member] \| Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity														$ 8,900,000	¥ 60,000,000				¥ 60,000,000
Long-term Line of Credit, Total											0
Debt Instrument, Term (Month)										12 months
Bank Acceptances Executed											2,600,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Merchants Bank Co, Ltd [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity											8,917,000		$ 8,917,000
Long-term Debt, Gross											$ 0		$ 2,299,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											4.50%		4.50%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Merchants Bank Co, Ltd [Member] \| China Merchants Credit Line [Member] \| Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity										$ 8,900,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| SPD Bank [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity											$ 25,449,000		$ 25,449,000
Long-term Debt, Gross											$ 17,924,000		$ 11,603,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| SPD Bank [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											3.01%		3.01%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| SPD Bank [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											4.57%		4.57%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| SPD Bank [Member] \| The SPD Credit Line [Member] \| Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity									$ 25,400,000									¥ 180,000,000
Long-term Line of Credit, Total												17,900,000
Debt Instrument, Term (Month)									5 years
Bank Acceptances Executed												$ 3,900,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| The ¥100M Credit Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity											$ 14,125,000
Long-term Debt, Gross											$ 14,892,000		$ 0
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											3.50%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| The ¥100M Credit Facility [Member] \| Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity								$ 14,100,000			$ 14,900,000						¥ 100,000,000
Debt Instrument, Term (Month)								18 months
Bank Acceptances Executed											0
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| The ¥50M Credit Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity											7,167,000
Long-term Debt, Gross											$ 7,401,000		$ 7,510,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage											5.70%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| The ¥50M Credit Facility [Member] \| Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity								$ 7,100,000									¥ 50,000,000
Long-term Line of Credit, Total											$ 7,400,000
Debt Instrument, Term (Month)								3 years

Note 11 - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt - Schedule of Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Long-term debt	$ 60,554	$ 52,187
Less debt issuance costs, net	29	18
Grand total	60,525	52,169
Less current portion	41,254	38,265
Non-current portion	19,271	13,904
Bank acceptance notes issued to vendors with a zero percent interest rate	6,481	15,860
2022	41,254
2023	19,271
Total outstanding	60,525	52,169
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Promissory Note [Member]
Long-term debt	361	1,941
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Promissory Note 2 [Member]
Long-term debt	676	2,149
Paycheck Protection Program, CARES Act [Member]
Long-term debt	0	6,229
Truist Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Third Amendment to Loan Agreement with BB and T [Member]
Long-term debt	19,300	18,700
Taishin International Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	0	1,756
China Merchants Bank Co, Ltd [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	0	2,299
SPD Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	17,924	11,603
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| The ¥100M Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	14,892	0
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| The ¥50M Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	$ 7,401	$ 7,510

Note 11 - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt - Schedule of Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Details) (Parentheticals) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Apr. 05, 2021	Sep. 30, 2019	Mar. 05, 2019
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Promissory Note [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	3.50%	3.50%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Jan. 21, 2022	Jan. 21, 2022
Chailease Finance Co, Ltd. [Member] \| Promissory Note 2 [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	3.10%	3.10%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Jan. 21, 2022	Jan. 21, 2022
Paycheck Protection Program, CARES Act [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	1.00%	1.00%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Apr. 16, 2022	Apr. 16, 2022
Truist Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum			$ 20,000,000	$ 20,000,000	$ 25,000,000
Truist Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Third Amendment to Loan Agreement with BB and T [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 20,000,000	$ 20,000,000
Long-term debt, interest	2.25%	2.25%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Oct. 15, 2022	Oct. 15, 2022
Taishin International Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 3,436,000	$ 3,436,000
Long-term debt, interest	2.20%	2.20%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Apr. 14, 2021	Apr. 14, 2021
China Merchants Bank Co, Ltd [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 8,917,000	$ 8,917,000
Long-term debt, interest	4.50%	4.50%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Oct. 14, 2020	Oct. 14, 2020
SPD Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 25,449,000	$ 25,449,000
Long-term debt, maturity date	May 24, 2024	May 24, 2024
SPD Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	3.01%	3.01%
SPD Bank [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	4.57%	4.57%
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| The ¥100M Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 14,125,000
Long-term debt, interest	3.50%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Jan. 05, 2024
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| The ¥50M Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 7,167,000
Long-term debt, interest	5.70%
Long-term debt, maturity date	Jun. 20, 2022

Note 12 - Convertible Senior Notes (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Mar. 05, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Truist Bank [Member] \| CapEx Loan and Term Loan [Member]
Repayments of Long-term Debt, Total	$ 37,800,000
The 5% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 80,500,000	$ 80,500,000	$ 80,500,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	5.00%
Proceeds from Convertible Debt	$ 76,400,000
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Shares Issued (in shares)	56.9801
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Amount	$ 1,000
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price (in dollars per share)	$ 17.55
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price Premium, Percentage	30.00%
Share Price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.50
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger	130.00%
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days	20
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days	30
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed	100.00%
Debt Issuance Costs, Gross	$ 4,100,000

Note 12 - Convertible Senior Notes - Schedule of Carrying Value of Convertible Senior Notes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Mar. 05, 2019
Net carrying amount	$ 78,472	$ 77,854
The 5% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Principal	80,500	80,500	$ 80,500
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(2,028)	(2,646)
Net carrying amount	$ 78,472	$ 77,854

Note 12 - Convertible Senior Notes - Schedule of Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Amortization of debt issuance costs			$ 650	$ 673
The 5% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Contractual interest expense	$ 1,006	$ 1,006	3,018	3,018
Amortization of debt issuance costs	208	209	618	623
Total interest cost	$ 1,214	$ 1,215	$ 3,636	$ 3,641
Effective interest rate	5.10%	5.10%	5.10%	5.10%

Note 13 - Accrued Liabilities - Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accrued payroll	$ 8,348	$ 10,517
Accrued employee benefits	3,247	3,057
Accrued state and local taxes	1,390	251
Accrued interest	351	1,256
Advance payments	480	303
Accrued product warranty	272	703
Accrued commission expenses	903	974
Accrued professional fees	293	377
Accrued shipping and tariff expenses	235	526
Accrued other	685	547
Total accrued liabilities	$ 16,204	$ 18,511

Note 14 - Other Income and Expense - Other Income and Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Foreign exchange transaction gain (loss)	$ (1)	$ (271)	$ 217	$ (18)
Government subsidy income	826	847	980	1,828
Other non-operating gain	171	296	205	301
Loan forgiveness	0	0	6,229	(0)
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets	2	(6)	(3)	(15)
Total other income, net	$ 998	$ 866	$ 7,628	$ 2,096

Note 15 - Share-based Compensation (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount		$ 0
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)		4 years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)		10 years
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] \| Exercisable on the First Anniversary Date Following the Date of Grant [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage		25.00%
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] \| Exercisable on Semi-annual Basis [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage		12.50%
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount, Total		$ 24,500
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)		2 years 7 months 24 days
Performance Shares [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardPerformanceAwardValuePercentageOfBasedAmount	0.00%
Performance Shares [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardPerformanceAwardValuePercentageOfBasedAmount	200.00%
Performance Shares [Member] \| Vesting on the Third Anniversary [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage	100.00%

Note 15 - Share-based Compensation - Option Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares)	276
Outstanding, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.29
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.44	$ 5.41
Outstanding, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year)	1 year 11 months 8 days	2 years 8 months 1 day
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 6	$ 54
Exercised, number of shares (in shares)	(2)
Exercised, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 6.00
Exercised, weighted average share price on date of exercise (in dollars per share)
Exercised, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 7
Forfeited (in shares)	(4)
Forfeited, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.46
Forfeited, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.64
Forfeited, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 1
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares)	270	276
Outstanding, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.32	$ 10.29
Exercisable, number of shares (in shares)	270
Exercisable, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.32
Exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year)	1 year 11 months 8 days
Exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 6
Vested and expected to vest, number of shares (in shares)	270
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.33
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year)	1 year 11 months 8 days
Vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 6

Note 15 - Share-based Compensation - Restricted Stock Unit/Awards Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares) \| shares	1,325
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 14.97
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 11,279
Granted, number of shares (in shares) \| shares	1,732
Granted, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 10.12
Granted, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 16,007
Released, number of shares (in shares) \| shares	(590)
Released, weighted average share price on date of release (in dollars per share)	$ 8.59
Released, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 15.87
Released, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 5,069
Cancelled/Forfeited, number of shares (in shares) \| shares	(73)
Cancelled/Forfeited, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 13.05
Cancelled/Forfeited, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 527
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares) \| shares	2,394
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 11.30
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 17,189
Vested and expected to vest, number of shares (in shares) \| shares	2,394
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 11.30
Vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 17,189

Note 15 - Share-based Compensation - Share-based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Total share-based compensation expense	$ 3,129	$ 3,265	$ 8,922	$ 9,804
Cost of Sales [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	222	230	689	712
Research and Development Expense [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	489	706	1,682	2,098
Selling and Marketing Expense [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	272	298	820	884
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	$ 2,146	$ 2,031	$ 5,731	$ 6,110

Note 16 - Income Taxes (Details Textual)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Note 16 - Income Taxes (Details Textual)	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent, Total	0.00%	30.69%	0.00%	19.15%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%

Note 17 - Geographic Information (Details Textual)	9 Months Ended
Note 17 - Geographic Information (Details Textual)	Sep. 30, 2021
Number of Reportable Segments	1

Note 17- Geographic Information - Revenue Information by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Revenue, net	$ 53,267	$ 76,608	$ 157,157	$ 182,298
UNITED STATES
Revenue, net	4,547	4,887	11,451	13,383
TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA
Revenue, net	19,562	45,821	75,282	105,196
CHINA
Revenue, net	$ 29,158	$ 25,900	$ 70,424	$ 63,719

- Definition

+ References

+ Details

Note 17 - Geographic Information - Asset Information by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Long-lived assets	$ 259,461	$ 270,654
UNITED STATES
Long-lived assets	87,241	90,999
TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA
Long-lived assets	65,394	71,080
CHINA
Long-lived assets	$ 106,826	$ 108,575

Note 19 - Subsequent Events (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Repayments of Lines of Credit		$ 86,922	$ 67,430
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Truist Bank [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Repayments of Lines of Credit	$ 19,300